Nucleic acid testing cassette

ABSTRACT

The invention provides a nucleic acid testing cassette, including a substrate, a liquid storage component, a solid-reagent storage component, and an amplification reaction region, wherein the substrate is connected to the amplification reaction region; the liquid storage component and the solid-reagent storage component are disposed on the substrate, respectively; the liquid storage component is communicated with the solid-reagent storage component through a micro flow channel; and the solid-reagent storage component is communicated with the amplification reaction region through a micro flow channel.

BACKGROUND Technical Field

The invention relates to a nucleic acid testing kit, and in particularrelates to a nucleic acid testing cassette.

Description of Related Art

Current nucleic acid testing kits are low in integration level andcomplex to use. Moreover, it is necessary for users to add some reagentsmanually, which often leads to mis-operations. As a result, testingresults are inaccurate, and these nucleic acid testing kits are notsuitable for primary users to use.

SUMMARY

To solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a nucleicacid testing cassette.

The invention provides a nucleic acid testing cassette, including asubstrate, a liquid storage component, a solid-reagent storagecomponent, and an amplification reaction region, wherein the substrateis connected to the amplification reaction region; the liquid storagecomponent and the solid-reagent storage component are disposed on thesubstrate, respectively; the liquid storage component is communicatedwith the solid-reagent storage component through a micro flow channel;and the solid-reagent storage component is communicated with theamplification reaction region through a micro flow channel.

As a further improvement of the invention, the liquid storage componentincludes a sample storage component, an extraction-reagent storagecomponent, and a waste-liquid immobilization cavity; the substrate isprovided with a nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool; anoutput end of the sample storage component and an output end of theextraction-reagent storage component are communicated with an input endof the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool through amicro flow channel, respectively; and an output end of the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool is communicated with thesolid-reagent storage component and the waste-liquid immobilizationcavity through a micro flow channel, respectively.

As a further improvement of the invention, the extraction-reagentstorage component includes a plurality of separate chambers, each ofwhich includes a tube wall, a plunger, and a diaphragm; the plungers aredisposed above the tube walls; the diaphragms are disposed below thetube walls; the tube walls, the plungers, and the diaphragms enclose aliquid-reagent storage cavity; the substrate is provided with sharpprotrusions in one-to-one correspondence to the chambers; and the sharpprotrusions are disposed below the diaphragms.

As a further improvement of the invention, the chambers at least includea first chamber storing a binding solution, a second chamber storing arinsing solution, and a third chamber storing an eluent; the firstchamber is communicated with the sample storage component through amicro flow channel; a micro flow channel between the sample storagecomponent and the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction poolis provided with a first fluid isolating valve; a micro flow channelbetween the second chamber and the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool is provided with a second fluidisolating valve; a micro flow channel between the third chamber and thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool is provided with athird fluid isolating valve; a micro flow channel between the nucleicacid immobilization-extraction reaction pool and the solid-reagentstorage component is provided with a fourth fluid isolating valve; amicro flow channel between the nucleic acid immobilization-extractionreaction pool and the waste-liquid immobilization cavity is providedwith a fifth fluid isolating valve; and a micro flow channel between thesolid-reagent storage component and the amplification reaction region isprovided with a sixth fluid isolating valve.

As a further improvement of the invention, the chambers further includea preamplification reagent chamber storing a preamplification reagent;and the preamplification reagent chamber is communicated with thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool through a microflow channel, on which a seventh fluid isolating valve is disposed.

As a further improvement of the invention, the substrate is providedwith a plurality of grooves that are communicated with each other; acover piece is attached to the substrate, and encloses the grooves toform micro flow channels; and the substrate is provided with a pluralityvalve seat structures, on which the first fluid isolating valve, thesecond fluid isolating valve, the third fluid isolating valve, thefourth fluid isolating valve, the fifth fluid isolating valve, and thesixth fluid isolating valve are installed, respectively.

As a further improvement of the invention, the waste-liquidimmobilization cavity is provided with first and second air passageinterfaces that may be independently controlled to be opened or closed;the sample storage component is communicated with the first air passageinterface; and the third chamber or the preamplification reagent chamberis communicated with the second air passage interface.

As a further improvement of the invention, the sample storage componentis internally provided with a first magnetic rotor; the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool is internally provided with asecond magnetic rotor; a first magnet rotating mechanism for driving thefirst magnetic rotor to rotate is installed on the sample storagecomponent; a second magnet rotating mechanism for driving the secondmagnetic rotor to rotate is installed on the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool; a first heating module isinstalled on the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool;and a second heating module is installed on the amplification reactionregion.

As a further improvement of the invention, the sample storage componentmainly consists of a cavity and a cover; the cavity of the samplestorage component internally pre-stores nucleic-acid-capturing magneticbeads required for use in a nucleic acid extraction process.

As a further improvement of the invention, a porous water-absorbingmaterial is contained in the waste-liquid immobilization cavity.

As a further improvement of the invention, the amplification reactionregion mainly consists of a plurality of reaction wells and pipesconnecting the reaction wells; the amplification reaction region isconnected to the substrate through a connecting piece; and afluorescence-imaging processing module is installed above theamplification reaction region.

The invention has the following beneficial effects: with the technicalsolutions described above, all the reagents required for nucleic acidextraction and amplification can be internally disposed on an integratedcassette, a liquid reagent is stored in the liquid storage component,and a dry-powder reagent is stored in the solid-reagent storagecomponent, so that a user only needs to add a sample; therefore, thenucleic acid testing cassette is extremely easy to operate and trulysuitable for primary users to use.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is an overall schematic diagram of a nucleic acid testingcassette according to the invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a nucleic acid testing cassetteaccording to the invention.

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of chambers of a nucleic acidtesting cassette according to the invention.

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a nucleic acid testing cassette with anadded pre-amplification reagent chamber according to the invention.

DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the invention provides a nucleic acidtesting cassette, which is an integrated cassette, including a substrate1, a liquid storage component 2, a solid-reagent storage component 3, anamplification reaction region 4, a cover piece 5, rotor components 6,fluid isolating valves 7, and a casing. The components above areassembled and attached to form a sealed integrated cassette formed by aplurality of regions that are communicated with each other. Thesubstrate 1 is connected to the amplification reaction region 4; theliquid storage component 2 and the solid-reagent storage component 3 aredisposed on the substrate 1, respectively; the liquid storage component2 is communicated with the solid-reagent storage component 3 through amicro flow channel; and the solid-reagent storage component 3 iscommunicated with the amplification reaction region 4 through a microflow channel.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the liquid storage component 2 includes asample storage component 201, an extraction-reagent storage component202, and a waste-liquid immobilization cavity 203; the substrate 1 isprovided with a nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool102; an output end of the sample storage component 201 and an output endof the extraction-reagent storage component 202 are communicated with aninput end of the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool102 through a micro flow channel, respectively; and an output end of thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 is communicatedwith the solid-reagent storage component 3 and the waste-liquidimmobilization cavity 203 through a micro flow channel, respectively.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the solid-reagent storage componentincludes a storage cartridge 301 and a connecting structure; and theimmobilization-reagent storage component 3 contains a reagent fornucleic acid amplification, such as dNTP or Taq polymerase, which isprestored in the storage cartridge 301 in the form of dry powder.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the extraction-reagent storage component202 includes a plurality of separate chambers, each of which includes atube wall 2021, a plunger 2022, and a diaphragm 2023; the plungers 2022are disposed above the tube walls 2021; the diaphragms 2023 are disposedbelow the tube walls 2021; the tube walls 2021, the plungers 2022, andthe diaphragms 2023 enclose a liquid-reagent storage cavity; thesubstrate 1 is provided with sharp protrusions 103 in one-to-onecorrespondence to the chambers; and the sharp protrusions 103 aredisposed below the diaphragms 2025 to pierce the diaphragms 2025 forreleasing a liquid reagent within the liquid-reagent storage cavity.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the chambers at least include a firstchamber 202 a storing a binding solution, a second chamber 202 b storinga rinsing solution, and a third chamber 202 c storing an eluent; thefirst chamber 202 a is communicated with the sample storage component201 through a micro flow channel; a micro flow channel between thesample storage component 201 and the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 is provided with a firstfluid isolating valve 701; a micro flow channel between the secondchamber 202 b and the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reactionpool 102 is provided with a second fluid isolating valve 702; a microflow channel between the third chamber 202 c and the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 is provided with a thirdfluid isolating valve 703; a micro flow channel between the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 and the solid-reagentstorage component 3 is provided with a fourth fluid isolating valve 704;a micro flow channel between the nucleic acid immobilization-extractionreaction pool 102 and the waste-liquid immobilization cavity 203 isprovided with a fifth fluid isolating valve 705; and a micro flowchannel between the solid-reagent storage component 3 and theamplification reaction region 4 is provided with a sixth fluid isolatingvalve 706.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the chambers further include apreamplification reagent chamber 202 d storing a preamplificationreagent; the preamplification reagent chamber 202 d is communicated withthe nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 through amicro flow channel, on which a seventh fluid isolating valve 707 isdisposed. According to a testing process, the preamplification reagentchamber 202 d may further be added to prestore another necessary liquidreagent, for example, a nucleic acid amplification reagent, including atarget probe, a specific primer, dNTP, Taq polymerase, a reaction bufferor the like, for use in first-step amplification of nestedamplification.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the substrate 3 is provided with aplurality of grooves 101 that are communicated with each other; and thecover piece 5 is attached to the substrate 1, and encloses the grooves101 to form micro flow channels. After the cover piece 5 is attached toboth sides of the substrate 1, a plurality of enclosed pipes andcavities that are communicated with each other are formed. The substrate1 is provided with a plurality of valve seat structures 105, on whichthe plurality of isolating valves 7 are installed.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the waste-liquid immobilization cavity 203is provided with first and second air passage interfaces 1071 and 1072that may be independently controlled to be opened or closed; the samplestorage component 201 is communicated with the first air passageinterface 1071; and the third chamber 202 c or the preamplificationreagent chamber 202 d is communicated with the second air passageinterface 1072.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the rotor components 6 include a firstmagnetic rotor 601 and a second magnetic rotor 602; the sample storagecomponent 201 is internally provided with the first magnetic rotor 601;the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 isinternally provided with the second magnetic rotor 602; a first magnetrotating mechanism for driving the first magnetic rotor 601 to rotate isinstalled on the sample storage component 201; a second magnet rotatingmechanism for driving the second magnetic rotor 602 to rotate isinstalled on the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool102; the first magnetic rotor 601 is a mixing-pool rotor, and the secondmagnetic rotor 602 is an immobilization-extraction reaction pool rotor;a first heating module is installed on the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102; and a second heating moduleis installed on the amplification reaction region 4.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the sample storage component 201 mainlyconsists of a cavity 2011 and a cover; and the cavity 2011 of the samplestorage component 201 internally pre-stores nucleic-acid-capturingmagnetic beads required for use in a nucleic acid extraction process.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the waste-liquid immobilization cavity 203contains a set of porous water-absorbing material, such as sponge and/orwater absorbing paper, etc., and is provided with a waste-liquid outlet.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the amplification reaction region 4 mainlyconsists of a plurality of reaction wells 401 and pipes 402 connectingthe reaction wells 401; the amplification reaction region 4 is connectedto the substrate 1 through a connecting piece; and afluorescence-imaging processing module is installed above theamplification reaction region 4.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the substrate 1 is attached to the liquidstorage component 2, the solid-reagent storage component 3, and thecover piece 5 together in one or more of the manners such as buckling,gluing and hot pressing.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the reaction wells 401 in theamplification reaction region 4 prestore target probes or primers foruse in nucleic acid amplification in a dry form.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, main bodies of the substrate 1, the liquidstorage component 2, the solid-reagent storage component 3, theamplification reaction region 4, and the cover piece 5 are made ofhigh-molecular polymers, which may be one or more of polycarbonate,polymethyl methacrylate, cycloolefin copolymer, polypropylene, andpolyethylene glycol terephthalate.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the fluid isolating valves 7 are made ofan elastic material with good airtightness, which may be one or more ofnatural rubber, silica gel, nitrile rubber, butyl rubber, fluororubber,and ethylene propylene rubber.

As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4, the casing is made of a high-molecularpolymer, which may be one or more of polycarbonate, polymethylmethacrylate, cycloolefin copolymer, polypropylene, polyethylene glycolterephthalate, and acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer.

Embodiment 1 for use of the nucleic acid testing cassette according tothe invention is as follows.

Embodiment 1—Integrated Extraction and Amplification

1. The following describes the implementation of the integrated cassettefor automated nucleic acid extraction and testing as described in theinvention.

2. A liquid sample (such as saliva, liquefied sputum, blood, and a swabrinsing solution) was added to the cavity 2011 of the sample storagecomponent 201; then the cover was closed (not shown in the drawings);and the cassette was placed into a matched external instrument to startthe automated nucleic acid extraction and testing.

3. The external instrument included at least 2 air passage interfaces(including the first air passage interface 1071 and the second airpassage interface 1072) that might be independently controlled to beopened or closed, 10 compression levers, 2 local heating modules, 2rotating mechanisms (including the first magnet rotating mechanism andthe second magnet rotating mechanism) including magnets, and 1fluorescence-imaging processing module. Each of the fluid isolatingvalves 7 was correspondingly provided with one compression lever forcontrolling the opening/closing of the fluid isolating valve 7; and theplunger 2022 in each of the chambers was correspondingly provided withone compression lever for controlling the compression of the plunger2022.

4. When the integrated cassette already containing the sample to betested was placed in the instrument, the plurality of compression leversclosed the first fluid isolating valve 701, the second fluid isolatingvale 702, the third fluid isolating valve 703, and the fourth fluidisolating valve 704 respectively; the first air passage interface 1071was closed; and here, an independent closed space was formed in thecavity 2011. The first magnet rotating mechanism, below the cavity 2011,on the external instrument was started, such that the sample could befully mixed and reacted with the embedded reagents. This step wasintended to release the nucleic acid to be tested from the sample.

5. After the mixing was completed, the air passage interface 1071 wasopened such that the compression lever on the second chamber 202 a waslowered to push the plunger 2022 to press the diaphragm 2023, whichexpanded and deformed and was pierced by the sharp protrusion 103 on thesubstrate 1, thereby releasing a nucleic acid binding solution withinthe second chamber 202 a.

6. While the first magnet rotating mechanism kept moving, the firstmagnetic rotor 601 fully mixed the released nucleic acid with themagnetic beads and the binding solution; then the first fluid isolatingvalve 701 was opened; and meanwhile, an air source provides a positivepressure into the cavity 2011 through the first air passage interface1071, thereby pushing the above mixed solution to flow in an order of“the cavity 2011, the first fluid isolating valve 701 (opened), thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102, the fourthfluid isolating valve 704 (closed), the fifth fluid isolating valve 705(opened), and the waste-liquid immobilization cavity 203”.

7. During this process, when magnetic-bead particles flowed to thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 along with theliquid, the second magnet rotating mechanism below the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 kept still; and under theaction of a magnetic force, the magnetic-bead particles were immobilizedin the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102, and theliquid finally entered the waste-liquid immobilization cavity 203.

8. Then, the compression levers were adjusted in position, the firstfluid isolating valve 701 was closed, and the second fluid isolatingvalve 702 was opened. Meanwhile, the compression lever on the secondchamber 202 b was lowered to push the plunger 2022 to press thediaphragm 2023, which expanded and deformed and was pierced by the sharpprotrusion 103 on the substrate 1, thereby releasing a nucleic acidrinsing solution from the second chamber 202 b. It should be speciallynoted that, during this process, the compression lever could release theliquid in the chamber by one compression, or release the liquid inbatches at a fixed amount by controlling the lowering height, therebyperforming rinsing more than once.

9. The nucleic acid rinsing solution released from the second chamber202 b entered the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool102 through the second fluid isolating valve 702, where the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 was a cavity with a lowdepth-to-width ratio and had a projection shape that might be round,rhombic, olivary, gourd-shaped or the like, and the foregoing variousshapes guaranteed that the liquid might fully fill the cavity. After thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 was fullyfilled with the rinsing solution, the second magnet rotating mechanismbelow the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102started moving to drive the second magnetic rotor 602 to fully mix themagnetic beads immobilized in the cavity in the preceding step with therinsing solution.

10. Then, the second magnet rotating mechanism stopped moving, and underthe action of the magnetic force, the magnetic-bead particles suspendingin the cavity after standing for a period of time were re-immobilized inthe nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102.

11. After the immobilization of the magnetic beads was completed, thesecond air passage interface 1072 and the third fluid isolating valve703 were opened; and under the action of an external air source, therinsing solution within the nucleic acid immobilization-extractionreaction pool 102 was pushed into the waste-liquid immobilization cavity203.

12. After the rinsing step was completed, the third fluid isolatingvalve 703 was kept opened, and the compression lever on the thirdchamber 203 was lowered to push the plunger 2032 to press the diaphragm2033, which expanded and deformed and was pierced by the sharpprotrusion 103 on the substrate 1, thereby releasing a nucleic acideluent within the third chamber 202 c.

13. The nucleic acid eluent released from the third chamber 202 centered the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102through the third fluid isolating valve 703. After the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 was fully filled with theeluent, the second magnet rotating mechanism below the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 started moving to drive thesecond magnetic rotor 602 to fully mix the magnetic beads immobilized inthe cavity in the preceding step with the eluent; and meanwhile, thefirst heating module disposed below the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 was started. For “mixingplus heating”, a better effect was achieved by controlling thetemperature to be 50-80° C. and the time to be 180-600 s.

14. After the above operations were completed, the fourth fluidisolating valve 704 was opened, and the fifth fluid isolating valve 705was closed; and under the action of the external air source, the eluententered the storage cartridge 301 of the solid-reagent storage component3 from the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102, andwas mixed with the reagent therein.

15. The compression lever above the storage cartridge 301 was lowered topush the mixed reagent to enter the reaction wells 401 of theamplification reaction region 4.

16. Then, by lowering the compression lever to close the sixth fluidisolating valve 706, each of the reaction wells 401 was isolated fromthe outside; the second heating module below the amplification reactionregion 4 was opened; and the fluorescence-imaging processing moduleabove the amplification reaction region 4 was opened. While the reactiontemperature was controlled, a nucleic acid amplification reactionstarted occurred in each of the independent reaction wells; and thefluorescence-imaging processing module tested a target gene based on alight signal of each of the reaction wells.

Embodiment 2—Integrated Nucleic Acid Extraction and Nested Amplification

1. The following describes another implementation of the integratedcassette for automated nucleic acid extraction and testing as describedin the invention.

2. In this embodiment, the operations in a first stage weresubstantially the same as Steps 1-13 in Embodiment 1. That is, thenucleic acid eluent in the third chamber 202 c was injected into thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102, but bycontrolling a lowering distance of a corresponding plunger 2032, theeluent was not allowed to fully fill the nucleic acid immobilization andextraction reaction pool 102.

3. After the nucleic acid elution was completed, the first fluidisolating valve 701, the second fluid isolating valve 702, the thirdfluid isolating valve 703, the fourth fluid isolating valve 704, thefifth fluid isolating valve 705, and the seventh fluid isolating valve707 were kept opened; the plunger 2032 above the preamplificationreagent chamber 202 d was pressed down to release a certain amount ofpreamplification reagent into the nucleic acid immobilization-extractionreaction pool 102; the second magnet rotating mechanism below thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 moved to drivethe second magnetic rotor 602 to fully mix the nucleic acid eluted inthe preceding step with the preamplification reagent, where an optimaleffect might be achieved when the mixing time was 5-60 s.

4. After the mixing was completed, the first fluid isolating valve 701,the second fluid isolating valve 702, the third fluid isolating valve703, the fourth fluid isolating valve 704, the fifth fluid isolatingvalve 705, and the seventh fluid isolating valve 707 were closed; andthe first heating module below the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 was started to perform thepreamplification reaction of the nucleic acid. The amplificationreaction might be isothermal nucleic acid amplification, orvariable-temperature nucleic acid amplification.

5. After the preamplification was completed, the fifth fluid isolatingvalve 705 and the seventh fluid isolating valve 707 were opened; a flowrate of the external air source was controlled to allow part ofamplification products to enter the waste-liquid immobilization cavity203 through the fourth fluid isolating valve 704 and the fifth fluidisolating valve 705. The rest of the amplification products mightaccount for 1/10- 1/100 of a total amount in the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102, or might be anotherappropriate ratio required based on the actual amplification reaction.

6. The third fluid isolating valve 703 was opened; the fourth fluidisolating valve 704 was closed; the plunger 2032 above the third chamber202 c was pressed down to release the nucleic acid eluent to enter andfully fill the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102.Here, the nucleic acid eluent plays a role of diluting thepreamplification products. The second magnet rotating mechanism belowthe nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool 102 moved todrive the second magnetic rotor 602 to fully mix the preamplificationproducts from the preceding step with the eluent, where an optimaleffect might be achieved when the mixing time was 5-60 s.

7. After the operations described above were completed, the fourth fluidisolating valve 704 was opened; the fifth fluid isolating valve 705 wasclosed; and under the action of the external air source, the dilutedpreamplification products entered the storage cartridge 301 of thesolid-reagent storage component 3 from the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool 102, and were mixed with thereagent therein.

8. Subsequent operations were substantially the same as Steps 15-16 inEmbodiment 1.

The nucleic acid testing cassette according to the invention has thefollowing advantages:

1. all the reagents, including a liquid reagent and a dry-powderreagent, required for nucleic acid extraction and amplification can beinternally disposed on an integrated cassette (i.e., a chip), and a useronly needs to add a sample, such that the nucleic aid testing cassetteis extremely easy to operate and truly suitable for primary users touse;

2. the nucleic acid testing cassette is applicable to nestedamplification, and the sensitivity is greatly improved; and

3. all the components are made of common materials by using commonprocesses in the medical industry, such that the cost is greatlyreduced.

The description above provides further detailed explanation of theinvention in conjunction with the specific preferred embodiments, and itshould not be deemed that the specific implementation of the inventionis limited to these explanations. For those of ordinary skill in the artto which the invention belongs, several simple deductions orsubstitutions can also be made without departing from the conception ofthe invention, and should be construed as falling within the protectionscope of the invention.

1. A nucleic acid testing cassette, comprising a substrate, a liquidstorage component, a solid-reagent storage component, and anamplification reaction region, wherein the substrate is connected to theamplification reaction region; the liquid storage component and thesolid-reagent storage component are disposed on the substrate,respectively; the liquid storage component is communicated with thesolid-reagent storage component through a micro flow channel; and thesolid-reagent storage component is communicated with the amplificationreaction region through a micro flow channel.
 2. The nucleic acidtesting cassette according to claim 1, wherein the liquid storagecomponent comprises a sample storage component, an extraction-reagentstorage component, and a waste-liquid immobilization cavity; thesubstrate is provided with a nucleic acid immobilization-extractionreaction pool; an output end of the sample storage component and anoutput end of the extraction-reagent storage component are respectivelycommunicated with an input end of the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool through a micro flow channel,respectively; and an output end of the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool is communicated with thesolid-reagent storage component and the waste-liquid immobilizationcavity through a micro flow channel, respectively.
 3. The nucleic acidtesting cassette according to claim 2, wherein the extraction-reagentstorage component comprises a plurality of separate chambers, each ofthe plurality of separate chambers comprises a tube wall, a plunger, anda diaphragm; the plungers are disposed above the tube walls; thediaphragms are disposed below the tube walls; the tube walls, theplungers, and the diaphragms enclose a liquid-reagent storage cavity;the substrate is provided with sharp protrusions in one-to-onecorrespondence to the chambers; and the sharp protrusions are disposedbelow the diaphragms.
 4. The nucleic acid testing cassette according toclaim 3, wherein the chambers at least comprise a first chamber storinga binding solution, a second chamber storing a rinsing solution, and athird chamber storing an eluent; the first chamber is communicated withthe sample storage component through a micro flow channel; a micro flowchannel between the sample storage component and the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool is provided with a first fluidisolating valve; a micro flow channel between the second chamber and thenucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool is provided with asecond fluid isolating valve; a micro flow channel between the thirdchamber and the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool isprovided with a third fluid isolating valve; a micro flow channelbetween the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool and thesolid-reagent storage component is provided with a fourth fluidisolating valve; a micro flow channel between the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool and the waste-liquidimmobilization cavity is provided with a fifth fluid isolating valve;and a micro flow channel between the solid-reagent storage component andthe amplification reaction region is provided with a sixth fluidisolating valve.
 5. The nucleic acid testing cassette according to claim4, wherein the chambers further comprise a preamplification reagentchamber storing a preamplification reagent; and the preamplificationreagent chamber is communicated with the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool through a micro flow channel, onwhich a seventh fluid isolating valve is disposed.
 6. The nucleic acidtesting cassette according to claim 5, wherein the waste-liquidimmobilization cavity is provided with first and second air passageinterfaces that may be independently controlled to be opened or closed;the sample storage component is communicated with the first air passageinterface; and the third chamber or the preamplification reagent chamberis communicated with the second air passage interface.
 7. The nucleicacid testing cassette according to claim 4, wherein the substrate isprovided with a plurality of grooves that are communicated with eachother; a cover piece is attached to the substrate, and encloses thegrooves to form micro flow channels; and the substrate is provided witha plurality valve seat structures, on which the first fluid isolatingvalve, the second fluid isolating valve, the third fluid isolatingvalve, the fourth fluid isolating valve, the fifth fluid isolatingvalve, and the sixth fluid isolating valve are installed, respectively.8. The nucleic acid testing cassette according to claim 2, wherein thesample storage component is internally provided with a first magneticrotor; the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool isinternally provided with a second magnetic rotor; a first magnetrotating mechanism for driving the first magnetic rotor to rotate isinstalled on the sample storage component; a second magnet rotatingmechanism for driving the second magnetic rotor to rotate is installedon the nucleic acid immobilization-extraction reaction pool; a firstheating module is installed on the nucleic acidimmobilization-extraction reaction pool; and a second heating module isinstalled on the amplification reaction region.
 9. The nucleic acidtesting cassette according to claim 2, wherein the sample storagecomponent mainly consists of a cavity and a cover; the cavity of thesample storage component internally pre-stores nucleic-acid-capturingmagnetic beads required for use in a nucleic acid extraction process;and a porous water-absorbing material is contained in the waste-liquidimmobilization cavity.
 10. The nucleic acid testing cassette accordingto claim 1, wherein the amplification reaction region mainly consists ofa plurality of reaction wells and pipes connecting the reaction wells;the amplification reaction region is connected to the substrate througha connecting piece; and a fluorescence-imaging processing module isinstalled above the amplification reaction region.